Sentence completion: Choose A B C or D to complete each sentence.

Trả lời cho các câu 601, 602, 603, 604, 605, 606, 607, 608, 609, 610 dưới đây:

Câu 601: The scientist _______ theory revolutionized physics was awarded the Nobel Prize.

A.  that

B.  in which

C.  where

D.  whose

Câu 602: After months of deliberation, the committee finally admitted _______ mistakes in calculating the environmental impact of the construction project.

A.  having made

B.  to have made

C.  making

D.  to making

Câu 603: In order to preserve constitutional rights, journalists _______ verify sources carefully before publishing sensitive information.

A.  might

B.  should

C.  ought to

D.  must

Câu 604: Which of the following countries is frequently ranked among the most _______ destinations for higher education, attracting students from around the globe?

A.  competitive

B.  prestigious

C.  competed

D.  prestige

Câu 605: The research team is currently _______ revising their methodology after receiving critical feedback from the peer-review committee.

A.  thinking of

B.  thought of

C.  thinks of

D.  to think of

Câu 606: His lecture was truly _______ to all the graduate students in attendance.

A.  inspire

B.  inspiration

C.  inspiring

D.  inspired

Câu 607: If Sarah _______ more decisive, she could have become the team leader.

A.  is

B.  had been

C.  were

D.  will be

Câu 608: Stairways can be secured with ______ high gates, remembering that adults can climb over gates which are designed for children.

A.  strategic

B.  sturdy

C.  constructive

D.  portable

Câu 609: The university aims to get undergraduates _______ advanced research projects by the end of their second year.

A.  joining

B.  join

C.  to join

D.  joined

Câu 610: Policy-makers had better _______ the long-term effects of automation before implementing large-scale industrial reforms.

A.  keep track of

B.  take advantage of

C.  take into account

D.  make way for

Synonyms: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Trả lời cho các câu 611, 612 dưới đây:

Câu 611: A Baby sea turtles are the most vulnerable when they leave their nests and make their way to the sea.

A.  well-protected

B.  immune

C.  susceptible

D.  shielded

Câu 612: The Wilsons have found it terribly hard to make ends meet ever since they both lost their jobs.

A.  barely have enough to live on

B.  give up gatherings

C.  able to manage

D.  buying and selling goods

Antonyms: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Trả lời cho các câu 613, 614 dưới đây:

Câu 613: It is predicted that the natural resources will run out by the end of the century.

A.  come in

B.  run short

C.  run away

D.  remain intact

Câu 614: He is the epitome of a poacher turned gamekeeper. Once commander of the whaling station, he now devotes his energy to saving the whale and other marine life of the area..

A.  Concerned scientists

B.  Enterprising researchers

C.  Illegal hunters

D.  Trained hunters

Dialogue completion: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.

Trả lời cho các câu 615, 616, 617, 618 dưới đây:

Câu 615: 

Mark: I heard you’ve been working late almost every day this week.

Lena: Yeah, the deadline’s coming up, so ____________.

A.  I’ve had to burn the midnight oil.

B.  I’ve been over the moon about it.

C.  I’ve been killing time with it.

D.  I’ve had to call it a day early.

Câu 616: 

Anna: Thanks for helping me carry these boxes.

Tom: ___________

A.  Don’t mention it. 

B.  I’m afraid not.

C.  That’s impossible.

D.  Yes, you may.

Câu 617: Susan shared with her friend about her losing purse.

Susan: "I have lost my purse."

Her friend: “_______”

A.  It's careless.

B.  I’m sorry to hear that.

C.  That's nothing.

D.  Oh, be careful

Câu 618: 

Sophia: Do you think we should go ahead with the plan despite the risks?

Daniel: I’m not entirely convinced, but ____________.

A.  I’ll cross that bridge when I come to it.

B.  I’ll bite the bullet and support it.

C.  I’ll turn a blind eye to it.

D.  I’ll sweep it under the carpet!

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct arrangement of the sentences to make a meaningful paragraph/ letter in each of the following questions.

Trả lời cho các câu 619, 620, 621, 622 dưới đây:

Câu 619:

A. Honestly, I don’t think this plan will work unless we get more funding.

B. But what if we cut down on marketing expenses for the first quarter?

C. That could be an option, though it might affect our visibility.

D. So what alternative do you suggest?

A.  b-d-a-c

B.  d-a-b-c

C.  a-d-b-c

D.  b-a-c-d

Câu 620:

A. Sorry for interrupting, but could you clarify what you mean by “hybrid model”?

B. It refers to a combination of remote and in-office work.

C. Thanks, I just wanted to be sure I understood correctly.

D. No problem at all, glad to explain.

A.  a-b-c-d

B.  b-a-d-c

C.  c-d-b-a

D.  d-a-b-c.

Câu 621:

A. I can’t believe the deadline was moved forward again.

B. Really? That gives us hardly any time to prepare the presentation.

C. So what’s our plan? Are we going to divide the tasks differently?

D. I know, and the client has added extra requirements on top of that.

e. That sounds fair. Let’s get started right away.

f. Yes, I’ll handle the research part, and you can focus on the slides.

A.  a-b-c-d-e-f

B.  b-a-d-c-e-f

C.  a-c-b-d-f-e

D.  a-b-d-c-f-e.

Câu 622:

A. Here a great deal of grain is grown.

B. In recent years, however, progress has been made also in the field of industrialization.

C. Most of this country consists of an extremely fertile plain, through which the river Danube flows.

D. Hungary, with a population of about 10 million, lies between Czechoslovakia to the north and Yugoslavia to the south.

e. In addition to grain, the plain produces potatoes, sugar, wine and livestock.

f. The new industries derive mainly from agricultural production.

A.  d-b-c-a-e-f

B.  d-a-c-b-f-e

C.  d-c-a-e-b-f

D.  d-b-a-c-f-e

Sentence-rewriting: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

Trả lời cho các câu 623, 624, 625, 626 dưới đây:

Câu 623: Fortunately, the car was travelling too slowly for anyone to be badly hurt in the accident.

A.  Fortunately, the car was travelling so slowly that no one was injured.

B.  Luckily, the car wasn’t travelling fast enough for anyone to be badly hurt in the accident. 

C.  Luckily, the car was slow enough for the drivers to be rescued from the accident alive.

D.  Fortunately, the car was travelling too slowly for people to avoid the accident.

Câu 624: Hardly any of the islanders have failed to adapt to modern life.

A.  The islanders have not adapted to modern life.

B.  Until now have the islanders adapted to modern life.

C.  The islanders are supposed to have adapted to modern life.

D.  The islanders have nearly all adapted to modern life.

Câu 625: Donating some of your wages to a charity will not only help unfortunate people, but it will also give you a sense of pleasure, whichever charity you support.

A.  If you want to be happy and help poorer people, you should donate your wages to any charity. B. You will both help unlucky people and have a sense of pleasure by giving some money from your wages to a charity you like.

C.  By donating to a charity you will not only support unfortunate people but also be happier.

D.  It will give you enjoyment to help unlucky people by donating your wages and also in this way you will support a charity.

Câu 626: If the government had dealt with the crisis properly, inflation wouldn’t continue at high levels now.

A.  Because the government didn’t cope with the crisis appropriately, inflation is at a higher level at present.

B.  Owing to the government's correct actions during the crisis, the inflation level is now lower than it was.

C.  Although the government took all the necessary precautions in the excepted way, inflation kept growing quickly.

D.  Should the government handle the crisis in a proper way, inflation will increase in the future.

Sentence combination: Choose A, B, C or D that has the closest meaning to the given pair of sentences in each question.

Trả lời cho các câu 627, 628, 629, 630 dưới đây:

Câu 627: The coffee was very strong. He couldn't drink it.

A.  The coffee was too strong for him to drink.

B.  The coffee was so strong that he could drink it.

C.  It was such strong coffee that he couldn't drink.

D.  The coffee was not strong enough for him to drink

Câu 628: Sarah didn't wear a raincoat. She got soaked in the rain.

A.  If Sarah wore a raincoat, she wouldn't get soaked in the rain.

B.  If Sarah had worn a raincoat, she wouldn't have got soaked in the rain.

C.  Unless Sarah wore a raincoat, she would get soaked in the rain.

D.  Provided that Sarah wears a raincoat, she won't get soaked.

Câu 629: The new smartphone is expensive. It is, however, very popular among teenagers.

A. Expensive as the new smartphone is, it is very popular among teenagers.

B.  Despite the new smartphone is expensive, it is very popular among teenagers.

C. The new smartphone is expensive so that it is very popular among teenagers.

D.  Because the new smartphone is expensive, it is very popular among teenagers.

Câu 630: He finished the project. He then went on a long vacation.

A.  Before finishing the project, he went on a long vacation.

B.  Having finished the project, he went on a long vacation.

C.  Only when he went on a long vacation did he finish the project.

D.  Not until he went on a long vacation did he finish the project.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

In Hawaii, conservationists are deploying an (131) method to combat invasive mosquitoes threatening native honeycreepers, rare birds central to the islands’ ecosystems and culture. Once numbering over 50 species, only 17 honeycreepers remain, most endangered. Avian malaria, spread by mosquitoes (132) in 1826, is the leading cause of decline, pushing the birds higher into mountain refuges. Climate change, however, is enabling mosquitoes to spread into these cooler elevations, leaving honeycreepers with nowhere to go.

(133), the American Bird Conservancy (ABC) and the multi-agency partnership Birds, Not Mosquitoes are using the incompatible insect technique (IIT). Male mosquitoes reared with a strain of the bacterium Wolbachia produce non-viable eggs when mating with wild females, gradually reducing mosquito populations. Since 2022, millions of lab-bred males have been released weekly on Maui and Kauai, (134) by helicopters and now also by drones. Drones offer safer, cheaper, and more flexible deployment, particularly in Hawaii’s remote, weather-challenged terrain. This marks the first global use of IIT for conservation rather than human health.

Results are expected within a year, and success could “buy time” for honeycreepers like the ʻakekeʻe—fewer than 100 remain—and even support the reintroduction of functionally extinct species such as the ʻakikiki. A recent study highlights the urgency, warning that (135) could close the window for recovery.

While IIT is ambitious and untested at this scale, it offers hope that honeycreepers may rebound, develop resistance, and regain genetic diversity. For conservationists like Dr. Chris Farmer of ABC, the mission is urgent and deeply personal: “If we don’t save these birds in this decade, they probably won’t be here for the future.”

Trả lời cho các câu 631, 632, 633, 634, 635 dưới đây:

Câu 631:

A.  innovation

B.  innovative

C.  innovate

D.  innovator

Câu 632:

A.  introduced

B.  produced

C.  made

D.  packed

Câu 633:

A.  Many methods applied

B.  What makes other surprised

C.  Conversationist are those

D.  To address this crisis

Câu 634:

A.  ultimately

B.  additionally

C.  initially

D.  comparatively

Câu 635:

A.  delays of even a few years

B.  overhunting and deployment

C.  urgent conversation efforts

D.  contaminated chemical usage

Read about the Earth's tectonic plates, then answer the questions about the text, choosing either A, B, or C as the best answer for each of the questions.

In many parts of rural Africa, access to reliable electricity has been a persistent challenge for decades. Traditional power grids often fail to reach remote communities, leaving millions dependent on costly and polluting energy sources such as diesel generators or kerosene lamps. However, recent advances in renewable energy technology are transforming the situation, offering cleaner, more affordable, and sustainable solutions.

One such innovation is the installation of solar microgrids. These are small-scale electricity networks powered entirely by solar panels, often combined with battery storage. Unlike large national grids, microgrids can be set up quickly and maintained locally, providing power to households, schools, and businesses without the need for extensive infrastructure. In Tanzania, for example, a pilot project has brought electricity to over 2,000 people, enabling children to study at night and local entrepreneurs to expand their businesses.

Another promising approach is the use of pay-as-you-go (PAYG) solar home systems. Customers purchase these systems through small daily or weekly payments, often via mobile phone apps. This model makes solar technology accessible to families who cannot afford the full cost upfront. Once the system is paid off, the household owns it outright, enjoying free electricity for years to come.

The benefits of renewable energy in rural Africa go beyond lighting and phone charging. Access to electricity can improve healthcare by powering refrigeration for vaccines and operating medical equipment. It can also support agricultural productivity, for instance, by running irrigation pumps or processing equipment. Moreover, replacing diesel or kerosene reduces greenhouse gas emissions and indoor air pollution, improving both environmental and human health.

Despite the progress, challenges remain. Initial installation costs, even when spread out, can still be high for some households. Maintenance requires technical skills that are not always available locally. Furthermore, political instability and weak regulatory frameworks can slow the spread of renewable energy projects.

Nevertheless, the success of current initiatives shows that with the right investment and community engagement, renewable energy can play a central role in bridging Africa’s rural electricity gap - creating opportunities for economic growth, improving quality of life, and contributing to a more sustainable future.

Trả lời cho các câu 636, 637, 638, 639, 640 dưới đây:

Câu 636: What does “these” in paragraph 2 refer to?

A.  solar panels

B.  microgrids

C.  battery storage systems

D.  national grids

Câu 637: What is mentioned about PAYG solar home systems?

A.  They are free for low-income families.

B.  They require customers to make small regular payments.

C.  They are funded entirely by governments.

D.  They do not require mobile technology.

Câu 638: Which of the following is NOT listed as a benefit of renewable energy in rural Africa?

A.  Improved healthcare

B.  Better agricultural productivity

C.  Reduced air pollution

D.  Higher university enrollment

Câu 639: What is the main idea of paragraph 5?

A.  Challenges that hinder the expansion of renewable energy projects

B.  Ways to train local technicians

C.  Government regulations on electricity pricing

D.  Political support for renewable energy

Câu 640: Which statement would the author most likely agree with?

A.  Renewable energy alone cannot improve rural livelihoods.

B.  Solar microgrids are the only viable option for rural Africa.

C.  Community involvement is essential for successful renewable energy projects.

D.  Renewable energy projects should be managed only by foreign companies.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

In the age of social media, the spread of misinformation has become a pressing concern for governments, journalists, and the public. False information can range from harmless rumors to dangerous conspiracy theories that influence public health and political stability. The speed at which misinformation spreads online often outpaces efforts to correct it.

One significant reason for this rapid spread is the way social media algorithms prioritize content. Platforms are designed to maximize engagement, often showing users posts that align with their existing beliefs. This “echo chamber” effect reinforces opinions and makes it harder for individuals to consider opposing viewpoints. As a result, misinformation can seem more credible when it is repeated by many within the same network.

To combat this problem, experts recommend a multi-pronged strategy. First, digital literacy education should be implemented from an early age, teaching people how to evaluate sources and identify suspicious content. Second, collaboration between social media companies and independent fact-checkers can help flag false information quickly. Finally, promoting credible news sources through algorithms, rather than purely popular content, can help shift the balance toward accuracy.

However, these solutions are not without challenges. Fact-checking requires time and resources, and misinformation often evolves faster than it can be debunked. Moreover, some users may distrust fact-checkers, viewing them as biased. Despite these hurdles, media scholar Dr. Leila Ortiz argues, “We cannot simply give up. Combating misinformation is essential for a functioning democracy.”

In the end, addressing misinformation requires both systemic changes in how information is distributed online and individual responsibility in consuming and sharing content. While the problem is complex, collective action offers the best chance of reducing the harmful impact of false information.

Trả lời cho các câu 641, 642, 643, 644, 645 dưới đây:

Câu 641: What is “align with” in paragraph 2 closest in meaning to?

A.  contradict

B.  match

C.  replace

D.  ignore

Câu 642: What does “them” in paragraph 4 refer to?

A.  users

B.  fact-checkers

C.  solutions

D.  algorithms

Câu 643: Which of the following best paraphrases Dr. Ortiz’s statement?

A.  Despite difficulties, fighting misinformation is vital to democracy.

B.  Fact-checkers must act faster to maintain public trust.

C.  Giving up on fact-checking would improve democracy.

D.  Democracies are unaffected by misinformation.

Câu 644: What is paragraph 3 mainly about?

A.  Reasons why misinformation spreads faster than facts

B.  Strategies to combat misinformation

C.  Examples of dangerous conspiracy theories

D.  How algorithms are developed

Câu 645: Which would the author most likely support?

A.  Combating misinformation requires efforts from both institutions and individuals.

B.  Social media companies alone should be responsible for misinformation.

C.  Algorithms should prioritize only popular content.

D.  Fact-checking is unnecessary in the fight against false information.

Logical thinking and problem solving: Choose A, B C or D to answer each question.

Trả lời cho các câu 646, 647, 648, 649, 650 dưới đây:

Câu 646: During a museum tour, you see a group discussing the causes of a historical revolution. You would like to share your opinion. What could you say?

A.  May I explain my view about the reasons behind that revolution?

B.  Could I contribute my knowledge regarding those historical causes?

C.  Would it be acceptable if I added some points to this discussion?

D.  I’d be glad if I could share a perspective on the revolution’s origin.

Câu 647: Your teacher asks the class about the impact of deforestation in tropical regions. What would be the most accurate response?

A.  Deforestation reduces biodiversity and threatens rare wildlife species.

B.  Clearing forests improves soil fertility and guarantees stable harvests.

C.  Cutting down trees ensures that rainfall patterns become more regular.

D.  Removing lower forests allows endangered animals to adapt and multiply quickly.

Câu 648: In a debate about international relations, the moderator asks for a precise statement. Which response contains information that can be independently verified?

A.  The United Nations is the most effective peacekeeper in global history.

B.  The United Nations was officially established in October 1945 in San Francisco.

C.  The United Nations always provides the fairest solutions to world conflicts.

D.  The United Nations is the wisest and most respected organization worldwide

Câu 649: How many moles of CO₂ are produced from burning 2 moles of C₂H₆ (complete combustion)?

A.  2 moles

B.  3 moles

C.  4 moles

D.  6 moles

Câu 650: A professor asks students to define civil society. Which option best represents the concept in academic terms?

A.  Civil society consists of voluntary organizations and associations outside the state.

B.  Civil society is the wisest invention that guarantees freedom in every country.

C.  Civil society represents the most effective way to end conflicts permanently.

D.  Civil society always ensures that governments are completely free from corruption.