Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered...

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 30 to 34.

In our modern throwaway society, products are often discarded before their actual end of life, which creates massive waste problems globally. Had manufacturers designed items to last longer, we would see less waste in our landfills today. The growing repair movement, which started in small communities, (30) ____________. People are learning to fix their broken electronics; consequently, they save money and reduce environmental impact. (31) ____________.

Many companies resist this movement because planned obsolescence drives their profits; however, sustainable businesses are embracing circular economy principles. Creative upcycling, (32) ____________, transforms unwanted objects into beautiful, functional pieces. Children should be taught repair skills in schools to nurture a generation that values resources. Community workshops provide tools and expertise for those who want to extend their possessions' lifespan. Even governments are starting to recognize the importance of this shift, with some countries now implementing "right to repair" laws (33) ____________.

The true value of repairing lies not just in waste reduction but in challenging our relationship with consumption. By reimagining how we use products, we create a more sustainable future where items are treasured rather than trashed. In a world with limited resources, the repair revolution isn't just practical—it's necessary for our planet's survival. (34) ____________. Our choices today will determine whether future generations inherit a sustainable planet or a wasteland of discarded goods.

Question 30:

A. which has now enhanced creativity through artistic workshops and craft stores

B. having now improved sustainability through ecological awareness and green habits

C. has now spread worldwide through online tutorials and repair cafés

D. that has now connected people through digital platforms and social events

Question 31:

A. Creating the foundation of building fresh skills in workshops, businesses regularly train staff over experienced workers

B. Enjoying the satisfaction of giving new life to old items, consumers increasingly choose repair over replacement

C. Despite the challenges of facing economic pressure in markets, companies increasingly focus profit over sustainability

D. Seeking the opportunity of finding new ways to reduce costs, manufacturers deliberately choose automation over employment

Question 32:

A. always requiring less technical knowledge and financial investment than traditional repairs

B. usually containing fewer synthetic materials and chemicals than environmentally-friendly goods

C. often providing more character and personal value than mass-produced items

D. never developing the same durability and functional efficiency than modern technologies

Question 33:

A. required manufacturers to make quality products accessible at reasonable prices

B. where manufacturers will improve design features available in future generations

C. production teams make sustainable materials available for consumer products

D. that require manufacturers to make spare parts available for longer periods

Question 34:

A. When products are manufactured and distributed, quality standards are maintained, profit margins are increased

B. When products are repaired and reused, natural resources are conserved and pollution is reduced

C. While companies create innovative designs for consumers, marketing teams develop strategies and sales increase

D. As technology advances in modern industries, production costs fall significantly but environmental damage continues