Read the following passage about An Urgent Call for Transformation and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the bes...

Read the following passage about An Urgent Call for Transformation and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Contemporary society faces an unprecedented social crisis characterized by economic insecurity, escalating inequality, and deteriorating trust across multiple sectors worldwide. This multifaceted challenge threatens sustainable development globally, demanding immediate comprehensive intervention from international communities and governmental organizations alike. The United Nations University's recent flagship publication reveals alarming statistics that underscore the severity of these deeply interconnected problems affecting billions globally.

Over 2.8 billion individuals—representing more than one-third of humanity—survive on merely 2.15 to 6.85 daily, positioning them perilously close to extreme poverty and financial destitution worldwide. Employment precariousness has reached critical levels globally, with approximately 60% of the global workforce expressing profound anxiety about their job security and future employment prospects today. This widespread vulnerability clearly demonstrates how economic instability has become deeply embedded within modern socioeconomic structures, creating systemic risks for entire populations and vulnerable communities.

Income inequality continues expanding rapidly across 65% of nations worldwide, perpetuated by deeply entrenched factors including racial discrimination, caste systems, geographical disadvantages, and family background disparities everywhere. Simultaneously, social cohesion deteriorates dramatically as over half the world's population expresses minimal confidence in governmental institutions and political leadership. Interpersonal trust among citizens also declines significantly between generational cohorts, indicating fundamental breakdowns in the social fabric and community bonds.

The forthcoming Second World Summit for Social Development in Doha presents a truly pivotal opportunity for coordinated global action and international collaboration. Experts strongly advocate for transformative policy frameworks built upon three foundational principles: equity, universal economic security, and solidarity. These comprehensive strategies aim to reconstruct social cohesion while addressing the root causes of contemporary challenges effectively and systematically. Without decisive implementation of such comprehensive reforms, current crises may irreversibly undermine democratic institutions and sustainable development goals worldwide.

https://unu.edu/lk

Question 23: All of the following contribute to income inequality EXCEPT _________.

A. Racial discrimination

B. Caste systems

C. Climate disasters

D. Family background disparities

Question 24: The word “flagship” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _________.

A. subsidiary                                B. predominant                                C. prestigious                                D. paramount

Question 25: The word “their” in paragraph 2 refers to _________.

A. international communities

B. the global workforce

C. governmental organizations

D. employment prospects

Question 26: The word “entrenched” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by _________.

A. superficial                                B. ingrained                                        C. volatile                                        D. systematic

Question 27: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A. These extensive policy measures seek to rebuild community bonds while systematically tackling the fundamental origins of current societal problems through efficient approaches.

B. These broad governmental initiatives intend to strengthen institutional frameworks while comprehensively resolving the surface-level symptoms of modern global issues through coordinated methods.

C. These wide-ranging reform proposals plan to enhance economic stability while simultaneously confronting the secondary effects of present-day crises using strategic interventions.

D. These holistic intervention programs aspire to restore political legitimacy while directly combating the immediate manifestations of contemporary difficulties through collaborative techniques.

Question 28: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Employment anxiety affects 65% of the global workforce, while income inequality expands across 60% of nations worldwide.

B. The Second World Summit for Social Development in Geneva will focus on four foundational principles for policy reform.

C. Over 2.8 billion people survive on 2.15 to 6.85 dollars daily, representing more than one-third of the global population.

D. Interpersonal trust has completely disappeared between all generational cohorts, causing a total breakdown of the social fabric globally.

Question 29: In which paragraph does the writer mention the daily income range that 2.8 billion people live on?

A. Paragraph 1                                B. Paragraph 2                                C. Paragraph 3                                D. Paragraph 4

Question 30: In which paragraph does the writer mention that policy frameworks should be built upon how many foundational principles?

A. Paragraph 1                                B. Paragraph 2                                C. Paragraph 3                                D. Paragraph 4