Read the following passage and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22. The Impact of Stereotypes on Teen...

Read the following passage and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

The Impact of Stereotypes on Teenagers

In modern society, teenagers are often stereotyped as lazy, rebellious, careless, or irresponsible. These stereotypes are widely present in social media, on the internet, and in everyday conversations. As a result, most teenagers are exposed to them on a regular basis. Research has shown that such stereotypes may directly influence young people’s behavior and future success.

Biological changes during adolescence, which are sometimes linked with risk-taking or destructive actions, (18) ____________. A study from Northwestern University, led by developmental psychologist Yang Qu and professor Eva Pomerantz, found that (19) ____________. After receiving counter-stereotype lessons, these teenagers showed fewer risky behaviors and greater interest in academic work.

Further studies suggest that parents’ expectations also play an important role. (20) ____________. As Science Daily reports, if parents present risk-taking or rebellion as “normal teenage behavior,” this may reinforce similar stereotypes from society and increase the chance of such actions.

Maurice Devlin of Maynooth University also studied how the media represents teenagers. Many participants argued that the media focuses too heavily on negative behavior, (21) ____________. Some also noted that adults display similar behaviors, yet are not judged in the same way.

         Overall, negative stereotypes can seriously affect teenagers’ development. Therefore, (22) ____________.

Question 18.

A. can also encourage healthy growth even if the surroundings are nurturing

B. that are able to support healthy growth when the environment is and supportive

C. the more supportive the environment, the more positive development is recognized

D. can also support positive development when the environment is supportive

Question 19.

A. responsible actions of teenagers show that they are independent and have a sense of responsibility

B. teenagers performed more responsibly when they believed they were capable of responsibility

C. teenagers who behaved more responsibly when they trusted their own capacity for responsibility

D. demonstrating greater responsibility were recognized when they thought of themselves as capable of it

Question 20.

A. The inappropriate and negative actions of teenagers often result from the fact that their parents don’t place enough trust in them

B. If parents believe that their children will behave improperly, teenagers could often react by behavin accordingly

C. When parents assume that teenage behavior will be negative, adolescents often behave in line wit those assumptions

D. Parents’ negative prejudices about teenagers make them lose confidence in themselves and doubt their ability to be responsible

Question 21.

A. exceptional cases are regarded as though they were typical ones

B. often exaggerating or treating the actions of a few as typical

C. they are often exaggerated or distorted as everyday matters

D. media often exaggerates minority actions as majority behavior

Question 22.

A. reducing the use of these labels and promoting more positive and supportive ways of thinking

B. concentrating on reducing harmful labels and promoting more positive and constructive views

C. it is important to reduce these labels and replace them with more positive and supportive views

D. efforts needed to remove these labels and replace them with more supportive and affirming views