Housing justice has become central to urban politics as tenant groups, researchers and local communities draw attention to the fact that aff...

Housing justice has become central to urban politics as tenant groups, researchers and local communities draw attention to the fact that affordability is shaped not only by how much gets built, but by who controls land, credit and redevelopment. For that reason, many city governments, which once treated rising property values as signs of success, (18) __________, but as a precondition for stable communities and equal access to opportunity.

This change has been driven not only by worsening affordability, but also by growing recognition that displacement damages more than household finances. When families are pushed out of familiar neighbourhoods, they often lose access to childcare, transport routes and informal support, a disruption (19) __________. Yet official responses still tend to treat the crisis as a technical problem of volume rather than power. (20) __________. In practice, construction can expand overall supply while doing little to protect residents most exposed to eviction, rent shocks and speculative turnover.

The debate becomes sharper when environmental goals are added. Buildings are retrofitted, transit links are improved and investment returns are celebrated, (21) __________. Without stronger tenant protections and firmer limits on speculation, cities may become greener and more connected in appearance, (22) __________.

Question 18:

A. have increasingly come to frame housing as not merely a commodity

B. having increasingly came to frame housing not merely as a commodity

C. had increasingly come to frame housing not merely as a commodity

D. have increasingly come to frame housing not merely as a commodity

Question 19:

A. aggregate housing statistics often fail fully to capture it

B. in which aggregate housing statistics often fail fully to capture

C. which aggregate housing statistics often fail fully to capture

D. that aggregate housing statistics often fail capturing fully

Question 20:

A. Although more building may be necessary, supply alone determines who can afford to stay

B. More building may be necessary, but supply alone does not determine who can afford to stay

C. Because more building is necessary, supply alone does not determine who can afford staying

D. More building, though necessary, is what supply alone determines for those who stay

Question 21:

A. with long-term tenants facing higher costs, local networks weakened and daily routines being pushed farther away

B. while long-term tenants face higher costs, local networks weaken and daily routines are pushed farther out of reach

C. even as long-term tenants face higher costs, local networks are weakening and daily routines are pushed farther away

D. even as higher costs confront long-term tenants, local networks are weakened and daily routines are pushed farther out of reach

Question 22:

A. because those least protected from displacement are what make cities more just

B. with justice growing most clearly for those least protected from displacement

C. unless displacement is what eventually makes urban life more equitable

D. while growing less just for those least protected from displacement